新课改英语高考阅读：变化多端，异彩纷呈
新课改高考英语题与传统高考试题相比最大的变化最主要体现在新题型上。新题型在阅读理解试题上体现得最为明显，各地高考先后出现了七选五阅读理解、任务型阅读、任务型读写、阅读表达、阅读简答等不同的阅读试题模式。
一、七选五阅读理解
题型解读：在2009年高考英语试卷中多个地区采用“七选五”型阅读理解题，试题模式为：给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。由于是给出了的选项，个别选项间区分度不大，试题的难度较常规阅读试题有所增加，而且会出现由于一处误选导致多处问题的后果。根据试题的特点，在实际做题过程中，同学们不妨采用“先看选项定位含义——再看正文仔细分析——最后把选项与正文对应确定答案”的模式。
例1 (2009年辽宁卷)根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
71
Home can be a great place for children to study. It’s important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their friends.
●Location(位置)
72 Kitchen and dining room are not so well suited for regular study, since books and pens get in the way of the day-to-day uses of those areas. Set up a place where a child can settle in and leave papers and pens at band without having to clear everything away each night. For a child that likes being alone, set aside a corner of his bedroom, but keep it separate from things like games, music and other hobbies not related to studying.
●Keeping Things in Order
Parents should encourage their child to spread out, but to leave it neat and orderly when he isn’t using his workspace. Ownership is very important for self-respect 73 The workplace should be personal, but not another part of the playroom.
● 74
Encourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that children need for success in school. Give them a good example of how to deal with problems, how to manage time and get things done in the right way. 75 Study will be more enjoyable and effective when supported by the whole family.
A. Attitude Is Everything
B. Bring Organization into
Your Home
C. Here are several ways to choose a location
D. Building a Good Home Learning Environment
E. Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follow your example.
F. Setting up a space in a common area of your home can be a good idea for children.
G. A child who learns to organize his spare will carry organization into every corner of his life.
解析：本篇文章讲述的是在家庭里面同样要给孩子一个良好的学习环境。为孩子创建良好的条件，家长要采取积极的态度配合孩子学习。
答案：71. D 72. F 73. G 74. A 75. B
二、阅读表达题
题型解读：阅读表达题比传统的阅读理解题难度更大一些。其命题特点是：生词量较大，有许多超“标”词汇，问题设计具有多样性。概括起来一般采用以下7种形式：主旨概括、填空、翻译句子、同义句替换、封闭性问题、开放性问题、其他题型等。每年的高考题将会从以上的七种类型中选出五类，问题的顺序也会结合问题的信息点在文章中出现的顺序进行排列。解题时有的问题可以在文中找到答案及其依据，但是对于开放性问题，同学们要结合自己的观点回答。
例2 (2009年山东卷)阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。
(1)Hello. It’s one of the first words we learn as babies, yet it’s one of the last ones we think to use as adults. That’s unfortunate, because saying hello is more than just saying hello——it is recognition of another’s worth. How might the world change——how might we change——if we mastered this word? To find out, I spent one month saying hello to every person I met. Here’s what I’ve learned.
(2)It can boost (促进) productivity. In one of the few studies ever done on this subject, Allan Allday, an assistant professor of special education at Oklahoma State University, had middle school teachers greet their students individually each morning. This exchange of greetings raised the kids’ productivity. School went from impersonal to personal, and that resulted in more class participation and better grades.
(3)Environments influence
friendliness. One study found that people in the city were less likely to shake hands with a stranger than those in the countryside. And researchers say, pleasure environments generally encourage more smiles and hellos than unpleasant ones. My experience was similar. Whatever the reason, my urban hellos were answered far less often than my rural ones. Similarly, people in vacation spots, like the Jersey Shore, were far friendlier than those hurrying work downtown.
(4)It’s a form of universal
health insurance. It’s impossible to say hello without smiling. And smiling has been shown to lower blood pressure, relieve stress and boost happiness. Apparently, a smile creates a similar effect in the recipient (接受者)。
(5)So maybe we can make
the world a better place by
____________. After a month of doing it. I feel lighter and more connected and I have a better sense of well-being.
76. What does the author say about the adults according to Paragraph 1? (within 8 words)
_________________________
77. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?
Teachers and students got friendlier so that the students became more active in learning and scored higher in tests.
_________________________
78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words. (within 5 words)
_________________________
79. List three effects of smiling on health according to the text. (within 8 words)
①_______________________
②_______________________
③_______________________
80. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.
_________________________
解析：试题的难度适当，多角度地考查了学生的阅读和表达能力。本文讲的是在我们的社会生活中，成年人之间反而缺少互相的问候关心，以讲述互相问好的好处来告诉我们要互相问侯、关心。话题新颖、时尚，属社会热点问题。
答案：76. Adults are not willing to say hello.
77. School went from impersonal to personal, and that resulted in more class participation and better grades.
78. saying hello to each other/ greeting each other/ saying hello
79. ①lowering blood pressure ②relieving stress ③boosting happiness.
80. 不管出于什么原因，我在城里打招呼得到的回应比在乡村少得多。
三、信息匹配题
题型解读：信息匹配题以考查考生快速阅读, 获取信息和处理信息的能力为出发点。文章体裁属于应用文,与以往高考阅读理解题中的应用文有一定的联系，但题型更倾向于实用性。它将具体的人物、具体的情节设计在实际的情景或假设中,能更好地考查考生语言应用能力。信息匹配题的突出特点是:情景内容具体、人物角色明确、任务定位合理。
解答此类试题时，同学们首先可以快速地阅读试题所给选项,明确其内容，寻找其关键词句。如例文中每一位企业家成功感言的核心内容。再如招聘广告中的详细要求:年龄、学历、经历、求职者的基本情况及其他要求之后，再对关键词语进行详细分析，抓住信息点，仔细辨析备选选项，最后确定对应关系。
例3 (2009年浙江卷，有删减)Bryan、Olga、Scott正在进行一项“企业家成功秘诀调查”。他们将采访几位企业家。第61～63题是他们拟的采访话题。阅读下面刊登在Entrepreneur(《企业家》)杂志上4位企业家的成功感言，为每位采访者选定最佳采访对象，选项中有一项是多余选项。
61. Bryan: What comes first, the customer or the profit?
62. Olga: How important is an entrepreneur’s ambition to his/her company’s growth?
63. Scott: How does an entrepreneur make use of his/her advantages?
A
Sheri Poe
Ryka Inc.
Since I started this company in my kitchen seven years ago, I always dreamt of what it would be some day. Focusing on that goal helps me get through tough times.To get the kind of success that you want, you need to dream big.That’s the starting point. Every success story begins with big dreams. You need to have big dreams for yourself, like being somebody rich, famous or fulfilled.You need to have a clear goal of what you want to achieve.
Also, I think it’s really important that the people you’re working with are as committed to the same goal as you are, so you can support each other and keep each other energetic.
B
Ben Cohen
Ben & Jerry’s Homemade Inc.
I’m energized by the people I work with. I’m very relationship-driven, which is different from most entrepreneurs. I’m inspired by doing things that are not normal and that most people think don’t fit into the business world or don’t make any sense.
In business, you are judged by the company you keep——from your management team, board of directors and strategic partners. Maybe the lady you met in a trade association meeting can help you secure funding, or the gentleman at a conference can provide you with management advice.
C
Frank Toskan
Make-Up Art Cosmetics(M.A.C)
One of the nicest things anyone ever said to me was, “I hate makeup, but I love M.A.C.” That’s what moves me on. Even people who don’t wear makeup can appreciate our company, what it stands for, its values and the way we do business.
We work from an inverted pyramid, where the customers are always at the top. Our customers inspire me and keep me going. They and our staff, not money, make me enthusiastic. If I had stayed in this business just for the money, I would have closed down years ago.
D
Kenneth Cole
Kenneth Cole Productions
Inc.
You can’t be everything to everybody. Each of us has our own strengths and weaknesses. To be effective, you need to identify your strengths and concentrate on them. You’ll become more successful if you are able to channel your efforts to areas that you do best. In business, for example, if you know you are good at marketing, then give it full play. Seek help or assistance in areas that you may be poor at, such as accounting or bookkeeping. To turn your weakness into strength, consider taking hands-on learning or training.
解析：文章内容新颖，贴近生活实际，为同学们提供了一个较为真实的应用场景。3个采访主题，4个企业家成功感言。要求同学们阅读内容，仔细辨析，找出最佳的对应关系。此类题重点考查了同学们获取信息和处理信息的能力，试题含金量较高。
答案：61. C 62. A 63. D